The process of converting chemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate in an organism's cells, followed by the discharge of waste products, is known as cellular respiration.
When air or other gases enter the lungs, inhalation occurs.
Exhalation is the flow of the breath out of an organism.
Different steps involved in the process of respiration are :
Breathing or pulmonary ventilation by which outside air is inhaled and carbon dioxide-rich air is exhaled.
Diffusion of gases occurs across the alveolar membrane.
Gaseous transport occurs through the blood.
Carbon dioxide and oxygen are diffused between the tissues and blood.
Oxygen is used by cells for catabolic reactions and carbon dioxide is released.
Glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid or Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation are the phases of cellular respiration.
In the process of glycolysis, the six-carbon sugar molecule glucose is split into two molecules with three carbons (pyruvic acid).
Two molecules of ATP are produced when the energy from the broken bonds is caught.
The three-carbon molecules produced by glycolysis are converted into carbon dioxide molecules by the Krebs cycle.
ATP and NADH are produced as electron donors via the Krebs cycle as well as glycolysis.
Water is created through the electron transport chain when oxygen and the hydrogen atoms of NADH are joined.
Energy is constantly being taken in during electron transit to create ATP.
The procedure is occasionally referred to as oxidative phosphorylation since it needs oxygen.
