Write the trends in the valency of elements in a period.
Step 1:
The horizontal rows of the long form of modern periodic table are called periods. There are 7 periods.
The valence electrons are the electrons present in the outermost shell of the element.
The elements of a period have different electronic configuration in their valence shells. The periods have different number of valence electrons and different valences.
Step 2:
The number of valence electrons increases from 1 to 8 moving from left to right.
The first element contains 1 electron in the valence shell and the last element contains 8 electrons in the valence shell.
Across a period from left to right the valency first increases from 1 to 4, then it decreases from 4 to 1 and becomes zero in case of noble gas.