Write the type of fruit and their edible parts of the following
(i) mango
(ii) custard apple
(iii) sweet orange
(iv) banana
(v) guava
(vi) litchi
(vii) pomegranate
(viii) fig
(ix) grapes
(x) apple
(xi) mulberry
(xii) strawberry
(xiii) peach
(xiv) date palm.

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Solution

(i) Mango: Mango is a type of drupe fruit. A drupe (or stone fruit) is an indehiscent fruit in which an outer fleshy part surrounds a single shell of hardened endocarp with a seed inside. The mesocarp (fleshy part) is the edible part of mango.
(ii) Custard apple: Custard apple is a compound fruit. In custard apple, the berries become very fleshy and being crowded together on a thick thalamus form a complex single fruit. the mesocarp, i.e the fleshy part is the edible part of custard apple.
(iii) Sweet orange: Sweet orange is considered a hesperidium, a kind of modified berry; it is covered by a rind originated by a rugged thickening of the ovary wall. The mesocarp or the pulp is the edible part of the fruit.
(iv) Banana: Banana is a type of false berry. A berry is a fleshy fruit without a stone produced from a single flower containing one ovary. The endocarp and less developed mesocarp are the edible parts of banana.
(v) Guava: Guava is a berry type fruit. A berry is a fleshy fruit without a stone produced from a single flower containing one ovary. pericarp, placenta and thalamus are the edible parts of guava.
(vi) Litchi: Litchi is a nut type simple fruit. When a single fruit develops from a single ovary of a single flower, it is called a simple fruit. An aril which is a specialized outgrowth from a seed that partly or completely covers the seed is the edible part of litchi.
(vii) Pomegranate: Pomegranate is a balausta which is a berry with an outer hard rind formed of epicarp and a part of mesocarp. Succulent testa is the edible part of pomegranate.
(viii) Fig: It is a synchronous type of fruit. This fruit develops from the hypanthium type of inflorescence. Fleshy receptacle or thalamus is the edible part of fig.
(ix) Grapes: Grape is a berry type fruit. Berry is a fleshy fruit in which there is no hard part except the seeds. The pericarp and the placenta are the edible part of grapes.
(x) Apple: Apple is a type of pome fruit in which a simple, fleshy but false fruit as it is surrounded by a fleshy thalamus which is edible while actual fruit lies within. The fleshy thalamus is the edible part of apple.
(xi) Mulberry: Mulberry is a type of Sorosis. Mulberry fruit develops from catkin in which fleshy perianth encloses dry achenes. The succulent perianth and the fleshy axis are the edible part of the fruit.
(xii) Strawberry: Strawberry is the etaerio of achenes. In strawberry the thalamus is fleshy and becomes red on maturation and is the edible part.
(xiii) Peach: Peach is a drupe type fruit. The fleshy part of the fruit called mesocarp is the edible part.
(xiv) Date palm: Date palm is a type of berry. The pericarp and the placenta are the edible parts of date palm.

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