Question

Write ‘True’ or ‘False’ for the statement given below:

First half of the menstrual cycle is controlled by progesterone while the second half is controlled by estrogens

• A. False
• B. True

Answer 1

The correct option is A False

Menstrual cycle

Menstrual cycle refers to the cyclic changes occurring in the reproductive tract of the female primates including human beings. It includes multiple phases like menstrual phase, follicular phase, ovulatory phase and secretory phase.

Role of hormones in the menstrual cycle

● Follicular phase- In the follicular phase, the primary follicle in the ovary grows and becomes the Graafian follicle, these changes are induced by LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) hormones.
● Ovulatory phase- In this phase release of the secondary oocyte from the graafian follicle takes place. This takes place under the stimulation of LH.

Role of hormones in the menstrual cycle

● Luteal or secretory phase- In this phase the ruptured graafian follicle transforms into corpus luteum which secretes progesterone and oestrogen. Progesterone and oestrogen have an effect on the uterine lining, maintaining the lining in case of fertilisation.
● Menstrual phase- A fall in the oestrogen and progesterone level causes shedding of the endometrium resulting in menstruation.

Role of hormones in the menstrual cycle

Therefore, the first part of the menstrual cycle is controlled by FSH and LH and the second half is controlled by oestrogen and progesterone.