Write whether the following are true of false:
(i) Axon of one neuron communicates with other nerve cell through synapse.
(ii) Neurotransmitters are released on activation.
(iii) Neurotransmitters are either broken down of reabsorbed after they have conducted an impulse.
(iv) All voluntary actions are controlled by the cerebellum.
(v) A convex lens is used for correcting myopia
(vi) Rods are the receptor cells in the retina of the eye sensitive to dimlight.
(vii) The part of the ear associated with balance is the cochlea.
(viii) Vitreous chamber is present in ear in humans.

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Solution

(i) True

(ii) True

(iii) True

(iv) False
All voluntary cells are controlled by the cerebrum.

(v) False
A concave lens is used for correcting myopia.

(vi) True

(vii) False
The semi-circular canals of the ear are associated with balance.

(viii) False
The vitreous chamber is present in the eye in humans.

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Q. Which of the following statements are incorrect?
(i) When an impulse travels along a myelinated neuron, it leaps over the myelin sheath from one node to the next.
(ii) At chemical synapse there is continuity between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons provided by the gap junctions.
(iii) Neurotransmitters are chemicals that are released from postsynaptic neuron which interact with specific receptors of presynaptic neuron.
(iv) Neurons releasing acetylcholine are described as cholinergic neurons and those releasing noradrenaline are described as adrenergic neurons.
(v) Refractory period is the period after the transmission of an impulse in a nerve fibre in which membrane of the axon regains its ability to transit impulses.

Q. Which of the following statements is/are incorrect about the electrical synapse?
(i) At electrical synapses, the membranes of pre and post synaptic neurons are in very close proximity.
(ii) Electrical current can flow directly from one neuron into the other across the synapses.
(iii) Transmission of an impulse across electrical synapses is very similar to impulse conduction along single axon.
(iv) Electrical synapses pass electrical signal between cells with the use of Ach.
(v) Electrical synapses are fast.
(vi) Electrical synapses are rare in our system.

Q. A list of events occurring in the transmission of nerve impulse across the synapse is given below in a random order.
(i) Opening of specific ion channels allows the entry of ions, a new action potential is generated in the post-synaptic neuron.
(ii) Neurotransmitter binds to the receptor on post synaptic membrane.
(iii) Synaptic vesicle fuses with pre-synaptic membrane, neurotransmitter release into synaptic cleft.
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Which of the following options represents these events in a correct order?

Given below is a randomly arranged list of events that occur at the neuromuscular junction to trigger muscle contraction.Which of the following gives the correct sequence of these steps?

(i) Acetylcholine binds to the receptor sites on sarcolemma

(ii) Nerve impulse

(iii) Release of Ca+2 from sarcoplasmic reticulum

(iv) The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is released

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(vi) Acetylcholine diffuses across the synaptic cleft

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Q. Several statements are given here in reference to cone cells which of the following option indicates all correct statements for cone cells?
Statements
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(iv) They are present in fovea of retina.

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