Yellow spots of turmeric on clothes turn brown when they come in contact with water and soap. Why?

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Solution

An alkali is also known as a base that can react with acidic substances.
The yellow spots of turmeric are acidic in nature as it contains Tartaric acid $(C_{4} H_{6} O_{6})$ . This can undergo a neutralization reaction with a base to give the colour change. Soap is an alkali that contains Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) which reacts with the acidic nature of turmeric and neutralizes the stain of yellow spots on clothes. In further contact with water, the stain appears brown.
Hence, the yellow spots of turmeric on clothes turn brown when they come in contact with water and soap because of the neutralization effect between turmeric and soap.

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