You are provided with PbCO 3- ZnCO 3 and CaCO 3 - How will you identify these cations-

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Chemical Properties

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You are provided with PbCO₃, ZnCO₃ and CaCO₃. How will you identify these cations?

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Solution

The cations in PbCO₃, ZnCO₃ and CaCO₃ are determined with the help of reaction with ammonium hydroxide.

Reaction with ammonium hydroxide

Lead carbonate Zinc carbonate Calcium carbonate

Dissolve a small amount of lead carbonate in dilute nitric acid. Add NH₄OH to this solution. A white precipitate of Pb(OH)₂ is formed, which is insoluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide.
PbCO₃ + 2NH₄OH → Pb(OH)₂ + (NH₄)₂CO₃
Dissolve a small amount of zinc carbonate in dilute nitric acid. Add NH₄OH to this solution. A white gelatinous precipitate of Zn(OH)₂ is formed, which is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide.
ZnCO₃ + 2NH₄OH → Zn(OH)₂ + (NH₄)₂CO₃

Zn(OH)₂ + (NH₄)₂CO₃ + 2NH₄OH → [Zn(NH₃)₄]CO₃ + 4H₂O Dissolve a small amount of calcium carbonate in dilute nitric acid. Add NH₄OH to this solution. No reaction takes place.

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Reaction with ammonium hydroxide
Lead carbonate	Zinc carbonate	Calcium carbonate
Dissolve a small amount of lead carbonate in dilute nitric acid. Add NH₄OH to this solution. A white precipitate of Pb(OH)₂ is formed, which is insoluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide. PbCO₃ + 2NH₄OH → Pb(OH)₂ + (NH₄)₂CO₃	Dissolve a small amount of zinc carbonate in dilute nitric acid. Add NH₄OH to this solution. A white gelatinous precipitate of Zn(OH)₂ is formed, which is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide. ZnCO₃ + 2NH₄OH → Zn(OH)₂ + (NH₄)₂CO₃ Zn(OH)₂ + (NH₄)₂CO₃ + 2NH₄OH → [Zn(NH₃)₄]CO₃ + 4H₂O	Dissolve a small amount of calcium carbonate in dilute nitric acid. Add NH₄OH to this solution. No reaction takes place.

You are provided with PbCO3, ZnCO3 and CaCO3. How will you identify these cations?

You are provided with PbCO₃, ZnCO₃ and CaCO₃. How will you identify these cations?