A non-metal A which is the largest constituent of air, when heated with H₂ in 1:3 ratio in the presence of a catalyst (Fe) gives a gas B. On heating with O₂ it gives an oxide C. If this oxide is passed into water in the presence of air, it gives an acid D which acts as a strong oxidising agent. (a) Identify A, B, C and D (b) To which group of periodic table does this non-metal belong?

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Solution

(a) Identification of A, B, C, and D
(i) A- Non-metal A is Nitrogen (N) because Nitrogen gas (N₂) comprises 78 % of the air and is the largest constituent of air.
(ii) B- Gas B is Ammonia (NH₃). It is formed when Nitrogen reacts with Hydrogen (H) in the ratio 1:3 in the presence of a catalyst called Iron (Fe)
$\underset{(Nitrogen)}{N_{2} (g)} + \underset{(Hydrogen)}{3 H_{2} (g)} ⇌_{Fe / Mo}^{400 - 450 ° C, 200 atm} \underset{(Ammonia)}{2 {NH}_{3} (g)}$
(iii) C is Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)
$\underset{(Nitrogen)}{N_{2} (g)} + \underset{(Oxygen)}{2 O_{2} (g)} \to \underset{(Nitrogen dioxide)}{2 {NO}_{2} (g)}$
(iv) D is Nitric acid (HNO₃) which acts as an oxidizing agent.
$\underset{(Nitrogen dioxide)}{3 {NO}_{2} (g)} + \underset{(Water)}{H_{2} O (l)} \to \underset{(Nitric acid)}{2 {HNO}_{3} (aq)} + \underset{(Nitric oxide)}{NO (aq)}$
(b) Group of the non-metal A in the periodic table
Nitrogen belongs to group 15
The Atomic number of Nitrogen= 7
The electronic configuration of Nitrogen is $1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{3}$
As the last electron enters in p-subshell, so it is a p block element.
For the p block, the group is calculated as $= 12 + number of electrons in the valence p - subshell$
Therefore, the group number for Nitrogen $= 12 + 3 = 15$

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Question 59
A non-metal A, which is the largest constituent of air, when heated with $H_{2}$ in 1:3 ratio in the presence of catalyst $Fe$ , gives a gas B.
On heating with $O_{2}$ , it gives an oxide C. If this oxide is passed into water in the presence of air it gives an acid D, which acts as a strong oxidising agent.

(a) Identify A, B, C and D
(b) To which group of periodic table does this non-metal belong?

Q. A non metal A which is the largest constituent of air , when heated with H2 in 1:3 ratio in the pesence of a catalyst (Fe)gives a gas B .on heating with O2,ot gives an oxide C.if this oxide is passed into water in the presence of air, it gives an acid D which acts as a strong oxidising agent .identify A,B,C,D.

Q. On heating compound

(A)

gives a gas

(B)

which is a constituent of air. This gas when treated with

3

mol of hydrogen

(H_{2})

in the presence of a catalyst gives another gas

(C)

which is basic in nature. Gas

C

on further oxidation in moist condition gives a compound

(D)

which is a part of acid rain. Identify compounds

(A)

(D)

and also give necessary equations of all the steps involved.

Nonmetal A, a major gaseous component of air, combines with $H_{2}$ in the mole ratio 1:3 in the presence of iron catalyst to give a gas B which is highly soluble in water. Gas A forms a reddish brown oxide C. When C is dissolved in water in the presence of air an acid D is formed which is a strong oxidizing agent.

(i) Identify A, B, C and D

(ii) What is the nature of the aqueous solution of gas B?

(iii) To which group and period of the period table does the nonmetal A belong?

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