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Question

An electric dipole consists of a positive and negative charge of 4μC. Each is placed at a distance of 5 mm. The dipole moment for the system is


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Solution

Step 1: Given data

Two charges of the dipole are +4μC and -4μC.

The distance between two charges is 5mm=5×10-3m.

Step 2: Dipole moment

  1. When two opposite charges of the same value are placed at a distance, then the system is called a dipole.
  2. The dipole moment of a dipole is defined by the form, P=QL, where, Q is the charge of the dipole and Lis the distance between them.

Step 3: Calculation of the dipole moment

As we know that the dipole moment is, P=QL.

So,

P=QL=4μC×5×10-3orP=4×10-6×5×10-3orP=2×10-8CM (since, 4μC=4×10-6C)

Therefore, The dipole moment of the system is 2×10-2coulombmeter.


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