Binding Energy per nucleon is the ratio of the binding energy of a nucleus to the number of nucleons in that nucleus.
It can be written as where is the binding energy of the nucleus is the binding energy of a nucleon, and is the total number of nucleons present in the nucleus
A certain amount of energy is required to hold these neutrons and protons in a nucleus together.
The stability of a nucleus is determined by energy.
Binding energy can be written in Einstein's mass equivalence relation as, where refers to the mass defect.
Hence, the binding energy per nucleon is the ratio of the binding energy of a nucleus to the number of nucleons in that nucleus.