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Question

Ceric ammonium nitrate and CHCl3/alc. KOH are used for the identification of functional groups present in _________and________ respectively.


A

Alcohol, amine

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B

Amine, alcohol

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C

Alcohol, phenol

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D

Amine, phenol

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Solution

The correct option is A

Alcohol, amine


The explanation for the correct answer.

(A) - Alcohol, amine

Ceric ammonium nitrate (NH4)[Ce(NO3)6] is a test that is given by the (-OH) group.

So as we can see in option (a) alcohol(R-OH) and amine(R-NH2) are given which will give a positive test for ceric ammonium nitrate test.

3R-OH(l)+NH4)[Ce(NO3)6](aq)→Ce(NO3)4(R-OH)3(aq)+2NH4NO3(aq)alcoholwineredcomplex

As we can see alcohol gives the wine a red complex which is used as a test for alcohol.

In the same manner, amines also give the test for ceric ammonium nitrate.

3Ar-OH(l)+NH4)[Ce(NO3)6](aq)→Ce(NO3)4(Ar-OH)3(aq)+2NH4NO3(aq)alcoholwineredcomplex

The explanation for the incorrect answer.

(B)- Amine, alcohol

  • Hinsberg test is used to identify amines.
  • To determine whether alcohol is present or not, take the alcohol-free water, and neutral liquid, and add a solid phosphorous (V) chloride.
  • A burst of acidic steamy hydrogen chloride fumes specifies an alcohol presence.

(C) -Alcohol, phenol

Test for alcohol

  • Sodium metal test - sodium is an active metal which alcohols react to form a colourless solution of sodium alkoxide along with the formation of brisk effervescence due to liberation of hydrogen gas.

Test for phenol

  • A dark-coloured complex is formed when phenol reacts with a neutral ferric chloride solution.

(D) -Amine, phenol

Test for amine

  • Hinsberg test is used to identify amines.
  • To determine whether alcohol is present or not, take the alcohol-free water, and neutral liquid, and add a solid phosphorous (V) chloride.
  • A burst of acidic steamy hydrogen chloride fumes specifies an alcohol presence.

Test for alcohol

  • Sodium metal test - sodium is an active metal which alcohols react to form a colourless solution of sodium alkoxide along with the formation of brisk effervescence due to liberation of hydrogen gas.

Hence, option (A) is the correct answer.


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