Question

Cholesterol is synthesised in

• A. Brunner's gland
• B. Pancreas
• C. Liver
• D. Spleen

Answer 1

The correct option is C

Liver

The correct option is C.
Explanation of the correct option:

1. The waxy material seen in the blood is cholesterol.
2. Although the body requires cholesterol to build healthy cells, high cholesterol levels can increase the risk of heart disease.
3. High cholesterol can cause fatty deposits in blood vessels.
4. The biosynthesis of cholesterol begins in the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatic cells with acetyl-CoA, which is mostly obtained from an oxidation event in the mitochondria.
5. Acetyl-CoA can, however, be produced via the cytoplasmic oxidation of ethanol by acetyl-CoA synthetase.

Explanation of the incorrect options:
Option A:

1. Brunner's glands are found in the duodenum's submucosa.
2. They release an alkaline fluid that contains mucin and shields the mucosa from the acidic stomach contents that enter the duodenum.

Option B:

1. The major hormones secreted by the pancreatic endocrine gland are insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood glucose levels, and somatostatin, which inhibits insulin and glucagon production.
2. In pancreatic islet tumors, an extra hormone, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, is occasionally produced.

Option D:

1. The spleen is a fist-sized organ located in our upper left abdomen, near our stomach, and behind our left ribs.
2. Although it is a vital component of our immune system, we can live without it.
3. This is due to the liver's ability to perform many of the spleen's duties.
4. The spleen is an organ found in nearly all vertebrates.
5. It primarily serves as a filter for the blood, eliminating germs as well as worn out or damaged red blood cells.
6. It is also a vital organ in the immune system, producing white blood cells that fight infection and produce antibodies.

Final answer: Cholesterol is synthesized in the liver.