Question

Choose the incorrect statement about insulin.

• A. It is produced from pancreas.
• B. It regulates growth and development of the body
• C. It regulates blood sugar level
• D. Insufficient secretion of insulin will cause diabetes

Answer 1

The correct option is C

It regulates blood sugar level

The correct option is C.
Explanation of the correct option:

1. Insulin is a peptide hormone generated by pancreatic islet beta cells and encoded by the INS gene in humans.
2. It is said to be the body's primary anabolic hormone.
3. If a person does not have diabetes, insulin can help them regulate their blood sugar levels.
4. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, a sugar that is the body's major source of energy, once we eat them.
5. Glucose is then absorbed into the bloodstream.
6. To get blood sugar into cells, the pancreas produces more insulin.
7. Cells eventually stop responding to all that insulin and become insulin resistant.
8. The pancreas continues to produce insulin in an attempt to stimulate cell response.
9. The pancreas eventually can't keep up, and blood sugar levels rise.

Explanation of the incorrect options:
Option A:

1. It is produced by pancreatic beta cells and has an important role in regulating glucose and fat metabolism in the body.
2. In pancreatic beta cells, insulin is produced as a single polypeptide known as preproinsulin.

Option B:

1. Insulin is a peptide hormone generated by pancreatic islets of Langerhans cells that maintains normal blood glucose levels by aiding cellular glucose uptake, regulating carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, and encouraging cell division and proliferation via mitogenic actions.

Option D:

1. Type 1 diabetes, often known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, is caused by inadequate insulin production.
2. Diabetes is characterized by elevated blood sugar levels.
3. Diabetes and symptoms of prolonged increased glucose levels result from insufficient insulin production.
4. Autoimmune destruction of beta cells leads to the destruction of nearly all beta cells in type 1 diabetes.

Final answer: The incorrect statement about insulin is that insulin controls blood sugar levels.