A constitution can be either unitary or federal. A unitary system is governed constitutionally as one single unit, with one constitutionally created legislature. but in the federal constitution, there is a division of powers between the federal and the state governments. Here are some differences between the federal government and unitary government.
| Federal government | Unitary government |
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The system has multiple hierarchy levels, with both the central authority and the states (or provinces) both being sovereign. |
There is no hierarchy of sovereign powers. |
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The central or national rules override the state rules. |
States have no authority to pass their own laws, and the central or national government can order the states to do anything. |
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There is a balance between the levels of government. |
The federal government has a huge percentage of power. Examples include Japan and Saudi Arabia. |
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Power and responsibilities are shared between national and local levels. |
Power is placed in one central governing system |
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