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Question

Explain the hybridization of the central atom in PCl3.


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Solution

Hybridization:

  • It is defined as the formation of a hybridized orbital by mixing two atomic orbitals.
  • Electronic configuration of P: 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p3
  • The valence shell electrons of P:
  • The chlorine atom gets attached to the unpaired electrons of 3s and 3p orbitals. i.e. 3s2,3px1,3py1,3pz1.
  • Thus the hybridization of Pin PCl3 comes to sp3.
  • So, the shape of the molecule will be Trigonal pyramidal.
  • Generally, the bond angle in sp3 hybridization is around 109° but in the case of PCl3 the bond angle is approx. 103° because of the repulsion between bond and a lone pair on P.

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