Question

Explain in brief about bhabar, bhangar, khadar and terai tract

Answer 1

The great north Indian plain is popular for the alluvial soil. As we know that alluvial soil is fertile soil and is good for cultivation. The Great North Indian plain is divided into five parts. They are

The Bhabar Plains

• The Bhabar plains are located to the south of Shiwalik from Jammu to Assam.
• The breadth or width of bhabar plains is more in the western region as compared to the eastern region.
• The bhabar tract comprises gravel and un-assorted sediment deposits.
• This sediment present in the soil is deposited by rivers descending from the Himalayan mountains.
• This region is not good for cultivation.
• The area is popular with big trees with large roots.

The Tarai tract

• The Tarai tract is situated south of the Bhabar tract.
• The track is a marshy tract with a malarial climate.
• The width of the Tarai tract is more in the eastern region.
• This Tarai tract receives high rainfall and has excessive humidity, due to thick forest and rich flora and fauna.
• Recently the Tarai tract in Haryana, Punjab, Uttarakhand, and Uttar Pradesh has been cleared for cultivation because it is rich in humus and organic matter.
• It is suitable for the cultivation of Wheat, rice, maize, sugarcane, etc.

The Bhangar Plains

• These are older alluvial plain that represents the upland alluvial tract.
• These areas are well-drained and make them suitable for cultivation.
• This area lies quietly above the flood limits of the neighboring rivers.
• The soil is rich in humus and it gives a high yield due to the rich amount of minerals and humus in the soil.
• It comprises of calcium carbonate nodules called ‘Kankars’ which are impure.

The Khadar Plains

• The new plains formed due to alluvial deposits along the course of the river.
• Enriched and formed by fresh deposits of silt every year.
• The Khadar land silt comprises of silt, mud, clay, and sand.
• The Khadar lands are suitable for the cultivation of sugarcane, rice, wheat, maize, and oilseeds.