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Question

Transition elements form colored salts due to the presence of unpaired electrons. Which of the following compounds are expected to be colored in a solid state?


A

CuF2

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B

ZnF2

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C

Cu2Cl2

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D

Ag2SO4

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Solution

The correct option is A

CuF2


The explanation for Correct Answer:

Option(A): CuF2

  1. In the complexCuF2, the metal cation is Copper, which is present as Cu2+ and the anion isF−.
  2. The atomic number of Copper is 29 with an electronic configuration[Ar]3d104s1.
  3. Cu2+, form, when two electrons are removed from Cu the resulting electronic configuration, will be[Ar]3d9
  4. TheCu2+, have incompleted-orbital, and has one unpaired electron, therefore, it will form a colored complex.
  5. Hence, it is the correct option.

The explanation for Incorrect Answer:

Option(B): ZnF2

  1. In the complexZnF2, the metal cation is Zinc, which is present as Zn2+ and the anion isF−.
  2. The atomic number of Zinc is 30 with an electronic configuration of[Ar]3d104s2.
  3. Zn2+, is formed when 2 electrons are removed from the outer orbital ofZn. The resulting electronic configuration will be[Ar]3d10
  4. TheZn2+, have filledd-orbital, therefore it will not form a colored complex, as no unpaired electron is available.
  5. Hence, it is an incorrect option.

Option(C): Cu2Cl2

  1. In the complexCu2Cl2, the metal cation is Copper which is present as Cu+1 and anionCl−.
  2. The atomic number of copper is 29 with the electronic configuration[Ar]3d104s1.
  3. From Cu atom one electron is removed to form Cu+1, and the resulting electronic configuration will be[Ar]3d10
  4. TheCu+1, have completely filled d-orbital, therefore it will not form a colored complex.
  5. Hence, it is an incorrect option.

Option(D): Ag2SO4

  1. The complexAg2SO4, metal cation is Silver, which is present as Ag+ and the anion isSO42−.
  2. The atomic number of Silver is 47 with electronic configuration[Kr]4d105s1.
  3. From Ag atom, one electron is removed to formAg+, and the resulting electronic configuration will be[Kr]4d105s0
  4. Ag+, have completely filled the d-orbital therefore, it will not form a colored complex.
  5. Hence, it is an incorrect option

Hence, the compound which is colored at solid-state isCuF2.


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