Question

Geometrical isomers differ in

• A. Position of functional group
• B. Position of atoms
• C. The spatial arrangement of atoms
• D. All of the above

Answer 1

The correct option is C

The spatial arrangement of atoms

The explanation for the correct answer:

Option C: The spatial arrangement of atoms

1. Geometrical isomers differ in the spatial arrangement of atoms.
2. Geometrical isomers have the same formula but differ in the arrangement of the atoms or groups in space.
3. Geometrical isomers fall into different categories based on how the atoms are arranged in the double bonds of alkene.
4. Cis isomers are molecules that have identical side groups on the same side and have the same atom connectivity.
5. Trans isomers are molecules that have identical groups on the opposite side of the double bond.
6. Physical characteristics of the isomers cis and trans change often. In general, differences between isomers result from variations in the molecule's structure or total dipole moment.

The explanation for the incorrect answer:

Option (A): Position of functional group

1. Positional isomers are constitutional isomers that differ from one another by the position of the functional groups on or in the carbon chain despite sharing the same carbon skeleton and functional groups.
2. Example: Propyl bromide and isopropyl bromide
3. Hence, it is an incorrect option

Option (B): Position of atoms

1. Position isomers differ in the positions of the functional groups or substituent atoms. Usually, the functional groups are joined to various carbon atoms throughout the carbon chain in this isomerism.
2. Example: ${\mathrm{C}}_3{\mathrm{H}}_7\mathrm{Cl}$
3. Hence, it is an incorrect option.

Hence, Option C the spatial arrangement of atoms is the answer.