Give the equation for the preparation of producer gas and water gas.

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Solution

Producer gas:
Producer gas is the combination of Carbon monoxide and Nitrogen gas $(CO + N_{2})$ and it is cheaper than all other gaseous fuels
It is produced by passing air mixed with little steam over a red hot coke bed maintained at a temperature of about $1000 ° C$
$\underset{Carbon}{2 C (s)} + \underset{Oxygen}{O_{2} (g)} + \underset{Nitrogen gas}{4 N_{2} (g)} \overset{1273 K}{\to} \underset{Carbon monoxide}{2 CO (g)} + \underset{Nitrogen gas}{4 N_{2} (g)}$
Water gas:
Water gas is the combination of Carbon monoxide and Hydrogen gas $(CO + H_{2})$ .
It can be prepared by passing alternatively steam and air through a bed of red hot Coke or Coal maintained at about $900 - 1000 ° C$
$\underset{Carbon}{C (s)} + \underset{Water}{H_{2} O (g)} \overset{473 - 1273 K}{\to} \underset{Carbon monixide}{CO (g)} + \underset{Hydrogen}{H_{2} (g)} $
Therefore, the chemical equation for the preparation of producer gas is $\underset{Carbon}{2 C (s)} + \underset{Oxygen}{O_{2} (g)} + \underset{Nitrogen gas}{4 N_{2} (g)} \overset{1273 K}{\to} \underset{Carbon monoxide}{2 CO (g)} + \underset{Nitrogen gas}{4 N_{2} (g)}$
And for the preparation of water gas is
$\underset{Carbon}{C (s)} + \underset{Water}{H_{2} O (g)} \overset{473 - 1273 K}{\to} \underset{Carbon monixide}{CO (g)} + \underset{Hydrogen}{H_{2} (g)} $ .

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