Wound healing is skin healing that begins immediately after an injury and can take years.
It lives on the epidermal layer.
It is done in three stages: inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Disruption in any of these stages results in abnormal wound healing.
Wound Healing is classified into two types:
Primary Care: Non-infected, well-approximated wounds are healed straightforwardly, including surgical wounds.
Secondary recovery: This stage begins if the healing process is interrupted due to infection, hypoxia, or immune system dysfunction. They are prone to infection and poor healing.
Platelets and coagulation:
Platelets are small blood cell fragments that aid in the formation of clots in the body to stop bleeding.
Damage to blood vessels sends signals to platelets.
Platelets rush to the site of the damage and form clots to repair it.
Megakaryocytes, the more giant cells, are disintegrated to form thrombocytes.
Each megakaryocyte contains between 2000 and 3000 platelets.
Each platelet has multiple vesicles but no nucleus.
Endothelial cells are found on the inside of blood vessels.
When the endothelial layer is damaged, collagen and other factors that aid in blood clotting are exposed.
Platelets are drawn to the injured site by these factors.
Platelets that have been activated clump together to form a platelet plug, releasing their contents.
These substances activate other platelets and interact with coagulation factors.
Coagulating factors are proteins found in blood plasma that aid in converting fibrinogen to fibrin, thereby strengthening the platelet plug.
Platelets thus aid in blood coagulation.
Hemostasis:
Hemostasis is a physiological defensive response to an injury or a cut that seals the blood vessels and thus aids in healing.
Hemostasis is primarily controlled by platelets, endothelial cells of blood vessels, and blood proteins. The hemostatic mechanism works in the following order: Blood vessel cell change, Formation of a blood clotting, Formation of platelet plugs
