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Question

In Mendeleev’s Periodic Table, gaps were left for the elements to be discovered later. Which of the following elements found a place in the periodic table later


A

Germanium

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B

Chlorine

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C

Oxygen

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D

Silicon

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Solution

The correct option is A

Germanium


The explanation for the correct answer:

Option (A): Germanium

Mendeleev's Periodic Table:

  • In Mendeleev's periodic table the elements were arranged on the basis of their fundamental property, the atomic mass, and also on the similarity of chemical properties.
  • Therefore were 63 elements known at that time.
  • 63 elements were arranged in the increasing order of their atomic masses and found that the elements with similar chemical properties occur at regular intervals.
  • The periodic law states that the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic masses.

Predicted Elements

  • The periodic table predicted the existence of those elements which were yet to be discovered.
  • These pre-predicted elements were named Eka-boron, Eka-aluminium, and Eka-silicon.
  • After their discovery, they were named Scandium(Sc), Gallium(Ga), and Germanium(Ge), respectively.

Properties of Eka-aluminium and Gallium

Property

Eka-aluminium

Gallium

1.

Atomic mass

68

69.7

2.

Formula of Oxide

E2O3

Ga2O3

3.

Formula of Chloride

ECl3

GaCl3

The explanation for the incorrect answer:-

Option (B): Chlorine

  • Chlorine was already included in Mendeleev's periodic table.
  • Hence it is the incorrect option.

Option (C): Oxygen

  • Oxygen also was already included in Mendeleev's periodic table.
  • Hence it is the incorrect option.

Option (D): Silicon

  • Germanium was discovered later, which matched the properties set by Mendeleev and was placed in his periodic table.
  • However, Silicon was already present in the periodic table.
  • hence it is the incorrect option.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).


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