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Question

List the elements having variable valency 1and3?


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Solution

Valency:

  • An element's valency is determined as the number of electrons in an element's outer shell which defines the measure of its ability to combine with other atoms to form chemical compounds or molecules.
  • The valency of elements in the periodic table is the same for a particular group.

Variable valency:

  • Elements having more than one valency are known as variable valency.
  • When the metals donate electrons from their inner valence shell along with their outer valence shell, they said to attain multiple valencies or variable valencies.
  • Mostly the transition metals having more number of electrons in their outer d orbital, exhibit variable valency.

The list of elements having variable valency 1and3:

  • The elements Thallium and Gold have valencies of 1and3
  • The electron configuration of thallium is given as : [Xe]6s24f145d106p1
  • Hence, it is easy to remove the 6p electron and form Tl+.
  • Next by removing 6s2 electrons it gives Tl3+ .
  • Similarly, the electron configuration of gold is [Xe]6s14f145d10.
  • Hence the removal of the 6s electron and form Au+.
  • Also by removing the next 5d subshell electrons of gold it gives Au3+.

Hence, the list of the elements having variable valency 1and3 are given as: Thallium and Gold.


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