Question

Name the parts of the alimentary canal where

(i) Water gets absorbed from undigested food.

(ii) Digested food gets absorbed.

(iii) Taste of the food is perceived.

(iv) Bile juice is produced.

Answer 1

The parts of the alimentary canal where the following functions are being carried out are tabulated as below:

S. No	Function	Part of the alimentary canal
01	Water gets absorbed from undigested food	Large Intestine
02	Digested food gets absorbed	Small Intestine
03	The taste of the food is perceived	Taste Buds on tongue
04	Bile juice is produced	Liver

Large Intestine:

1. The extended, tube-like organ with connections to the anus and small intestine on either end.
2. The cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal are the four sections of the large intestine.
3. Food that has only partially been digested travels from the cecum into the colon, where water, certain nutrients, and electrolytes are eliminated.

Small Intestine:

1. The jejunum, ileum, and duodenum make up the small intestine.
2. It aids in the further digestion of stomach-born meals.
3. It takes in water, vitamins, minerals, carbs, lipids, and proteins from food so that the body can utilize them.
4. Digestion is carried out via the small intestine.

Taste Buds:

1. The gustatory cells, which are also referred to as taste receptor cells, are found in taste buds.
2. Taste receptors are situated on the upper surface of the tongue, soft palate, upper oesophagus, cheek, and epiglottis.
3. The five components of taste perception:-saltiness, sourness, bitterness, sweetness, and umami—are detected by these structures.
4. A common misconception attributes these various flavours to specific areas of the tongue, but in reality, every part of the tongue may taste them.
5. Parts of the food dispersed in saliva come into contact with the taste receptors through tiny holes in the tongue epithelium known as taste pores.
6. They are situated on top of the taste buds, which are made up of taste receptor cells.

Liver:

1. Bile juice is produced by the liver and stored by the gall bladder.
2. Here bile is kept and concentrated in this tiny, hollow organ before it is discharged into the small intestine.
3. Although the shape and location of the gallbladder can differ greatly between animal species, in humans, the gallbladder is located beneath the liver.
4. Through the common hepatic duct, it absorbs and stores the bile produced by the liver and then distributes it into the duodenum, where it aids in the breakdown of lipids.
5. Gallstones, which are made of substances that cannot be dissolved and are typically cholesterol or bilirubin a byproduct of the breakdown of haemoglobin, can harm the gallbladder.
6. These can be extremely painful, especially in the upper-right region of the abdomen, and the gallbladder is frequently removed as a treatment (called a cholecystectomy).