Question

Write short note about Cell membrane, Ribosomes, Mitochondria, Chromosome.

Answer 1

Cell membrane:

1. All cells' interiors are protected from the outside world by a biological membrane called the cell membrane or plasma membrane.
2. A semipermeable lipid bilayer makes up the cell membrane.
3. Lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates bound to proteins make up the majority of a cell membrane.
4. It protects the cell from the invasion of foreign particles.
5. A plasma membrane contains specific pores and channels for the transport of certain molecules.

Mitochondria:

1. Mitochondria is a double membrane-bound organelle.
2. It is well known as the powerhouse of cells and is the site of ATP synthesis as it transforms the chemical energy found in food and stores it as ATP. .
3. It contains its own circular DNA.
4. It is crucial for maintaining chemical homeostasis as well.

Ribosome:

1. Ribosomes are non-membrane-bound organelle.
2. They are found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
3. The eukaryotic cell contains 80S ribosomes whereas the prokaryotic cell contains 70S ribosomes. .
4. Ribosomes are often attached to walls of the endoplasmic reticulum.
5. They play a major role in protein synthesis and transport.

Chromosome:

1. Chromosomes are thread-like structures that transmit all of a individual's genetic material from parents to offspring.
2. They are present in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell.
3. A structured chromosome is not always observed, but only in certain stages of cell division like metaphase.
4. DNA and associated proteins called histones make up chromosomes in eukaryotic cells.
5. Typically, each human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes.