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Question

The dipole moment per unit volume is called__________.


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Solution

Dielectric Polarization

  • A dipole contains both charges positive and negative.
  • The alignment of the dipole moments of the permanent or induced dipoles with the direction of the applied electric field is called polarisation.
  • There is an excess negative charge in one of the two extremely thin surface layers and an excess equivalent positive charge in the other.
  • The induced charges on the surfaces of the dielectric are due to these layers.
  • The charges that are induced are not free, but each is bound to a molecule lying on or near the surface.
  • These charges are called bound charges or fictitious charges.
  • In the remaining dielectric, the net charge per unit volume remains zero.
  • Thus, although the dielectric is polarized, as a whole, it remains electrically neutral.

Hence, dipole moment per unit volume is called polarization.


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