Question

The inner lining of the stomach is protected by one of the following from hydrochloric acid.

• A. Pepsin
• B. Mucus
• C. Salivary amylase
• D. Bile

Answer 1

The correct option is B

Mucus

The correct option is B.

Explanations for the correct option

1. The slick, watery fluid known as mucus is made by and covers mucous membranes.
2. A glycoprotein known as gastric mucus lubricates food masses to make them travel more easily through the stomach and forms a protective layer over the stomach cavity's lining epithelium.
3. Although it may also come from mixed glands, which contain both serous and mucous cells, it is primarily made by mucous gland cells.
4. The mucus released by mucoid cells found in the cardiac and pyloric areas of the stomach protects the stomach's inner lining.
5. By secreting a clingy, neutralizing mucus that adheres to the stomach walls, our stomach defends itself against being digested by its own enzymes or burned by the corrosive hydrochloric acid.
6. Stomach ulcers can be painful and uncomfortable if this layer is in any way disturbed.
7. If the mucus is not secreted, HCI will cause stomach ulcers by eroding the inner lining.

Explanations for the incorrect options:

Option A:

1. Pepsin is a stomach enzyme used to break down proteins in food that has been consumed.
2. The stomach's primary cells manufacture pepsin as pepsinogen, an inactive zymogen.
3. The stomach's lining cells secrete hydrochloric acid, which lowers the pH of the stomach.
4. Of these five components, pepsin is the main enzyme engaged in protein digestion.
5. It reduces proteins into more easily absorbed peptides and amino acids in the small intestine.

Option C:

1. Salivary amylase has a unique role in digestion by hydrolyzing certain chemical bonds in complex carbohydrate molecules to produce simple sugars.
2. Up until the food molecules enter the stomach, the amylase continues to break down the food.

Option D:

1. Digestion is aided by bile.
2. It transforms lipids into fatty acids that the digestive system can absorb and use as fuel.
3. The liver cells secrete bile, a greenish-yellow fluid made up of cholesterol, waste products, and bile salts, to serve two main purposes: to transport the waste away.
4. to digest fats by breaking them down.

Final answer: The inner lining of the stomach is protected by mucus from hydrochloric acid.