Question

The process of copying genetic information from one strand of DNA into RNA is termed as

• A. Translation
• B. Replication
• C. Transcription
• D. Transamination

Answer 1

The correct option is C

Transcription

The correct option is C.

Explanation of the correct option:

1. It is the first step in gene expression.
2. Transcription is carried out by an enzyme called RNA polymerase and several accessory proteins called transcription factors.
3. Various DNA-dependent RNA polymerases facilitate the conversion of DNA to RNA by binding to the sigma factor.
4. This transcription starts at TAATA sequences on the template strand, elongates to produce the mRNA, and terminates at AATAA sequences when the Rho factor binds.
5. This is followed by a translation that synthesizes polypeptide chains from the codons on the mRNAs.

Explanation of the incorrect options:

Option A:
It is the last step in the central dogma of molecular biology, in this step synthesis of proteins takes place from the transcribed messenger RNA.

Option B:

The process by which the double-stranded DNA molecule replicates to form multiple copies is known as replication.

Option D:

The process of removing amino groups from amino acids is known as transamination.

Final answer: The process of copying genetic information from one strand of DNA into RNA is termed transcription.