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Question

The shape of ammonia molecules is:


A

Tetrahedral

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B

Trigonal pyramidal

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C

Trigonal bipyramidal

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D

Trigonal planar

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Solution

The correct option is B

Trigonal pyramidal


Explanation for correct option:

B. Trigonal pyramid

Ammonia:

  • Ammonia is a chemical compound that is made up of nitrogen and hydrogen atoms.
  • The chemical formula of ammonia is NH3.
Hybridization of NH3 (Ammonia): Hybridization of Nitrogen in NH3
  • The ammonia molecule has a trigonal pyramidal shape with the three hydrogen atoms and an unshared pair of electrons attached to the nitrogen atom.

The calculation for Hybridization of NH3:

  • Stericnumber=12V+M-C+AStericnumber=12×5+3=12×8Stericnumber=4
  • Where V is the number of valence electrons of Nitrogen, M is the monovalent electron i.e. Hydrogen, C is the positive charge and A represents the negative charge( For ammonia there is no charge).
  • Since the steric number of 4. Thus, the hybridization of ammonia molecules is sp3.

Explanation for incorrect options:

The shape of the ammonia molecule is trigonal pyramidal. Thus options A, C, and D are incorrect.

Hence, the correct option is B i.e. trigonal pyramid.


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