Question

Alkyl halides are immiscible in the water though they are polar because-

Answer 1

1. In alkyl halides, the Carbon-Halogen bonds are polar. The electronegativity of halogen and carbon is quite different. A polar solvent is water.
2. Polar solutes can be dissolved by it. This is based on the idea that like dissolves like. Nonpolar solutes are dissolved by nonpolar solvents.
3. On the basis of this theory, alkyl halides should be miscible with water. On the other hand, alkyl halides don't mix with water. In water, intermolecular hydrogen bonds form, which are strong interactions.
4. When alkyl halides are added to water, the strength of the contact between an alkyl halide molecule and a water molecule is weaker than the strength of a hydrogen bond between two water molecules.
5. Alkyl halides cannot create or break hydrogen bonds with water as a consequence.

Alkyl halides cannot establish hydrogen bonds with water, despite the fact that they are polar, hence they are immiscible in water.