Question

Under forced oscillation, what happens to the phase of the harmonic motion of the particle?

Answer 1

Forced oscillation:

1. A forced harmonic oscillator is a damped oscillator that has been subjected to an external force.
2. When an oscillator is subjected to an external force, it enters a transient state in which it shifts from its natural frequency to the frequency of the applied force.

Effect on the phase of the harmonic motion of the particle:

1. The damped oscillation has the same frequency as the applied external force in forced oscillation.
2. The forced oscillation is influenced by the damping effect. However, the energy is obtained as a result of the external force, while the amplitude remains constant.
3. For Instance, When pushing someone on a swing, you must maintain a constant force pushing them at regular intervals to keep the swing from reducing.
4. The frequency of the damped oscillation in forced oscillation is equal to the frequency of the applied external force.
5. The damping effect is present in the forced oscillation. However, when an external force is applied, the energy is gained, resulting in a constant amplitude.

An illustrative diagram of forced oscillation is shown below.