Question

What are plastids and their functions?

Answer 1

Plastids:

1. An organelle is a membrane-bound structure inside a cell that performs a specific function.
2. They are divided into three types based on their pigments: chloroplasts, chromoplasts, and leucoplasts.
3. Carotene, xanthophylls, and other fat-soluble carotenoid pigments are found in the chromoplasts.
4. This causes the plant's portion to turn yellow, orange, or red.
5. The chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments, which are crucial for capturing the light energy required for photosynthesis.
6. Colorless plastids of various forms and sizes with stored nutrients are leucoplasts.

Functions of plastids:

1. They perform Photosynthesis.
2. Photosynthesis is the primary function of chloroplasts in leaves.
3. They store starch and can synthesize fatty acids and terpenes.
4. They are responsible for the characteristic color of leaves, fruits, and flowers.