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Question

What are the differences between hydration, hydrolysis, and condensation?


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Solution

The differences between hydration, hydrolysis, and condensation are discussed below:

Hydrolysis

Hydration

Condensation

  • The reaction in which a salt reacts with water in order to form acidic/basic solution is known as the Hydrolysis reaction.
  • Hydration is defined as the reaction in which water is added to ions/molecules.
  • Condensation is the method that involves elimination of small molecules such as water.
  • Example: Hydrolysis of an ester yields an acid and an alcohol.
  • The chemical equation can be depicted as:

CH3COOCH3+H2OH+CH3COOH+CH3OH

  • Example: When anhydrous Copper sulfate CuSO4 reacts with waterH2O, hydrated copper sulfate CuSO4.5H2O is formed.
  • The chemical equation can be depicted as:

CuSO4(s)+5H2O(l)CuSO4.5H2O(aq)

  • Example: MethanolCH3OH reacts with butanoic acidCH3CH2CH2COOH , ester methyl butanoateCH3CH2CH2COOCH3 is formed.
  • The chemical reaction can be depicted as:

CH3OH+HOOCCH2CH2CH3CH3CH2CH2COOCH3+H2O

  • No by-products are formed in Hydrolysis.
  • No by-products are formed in the Hydration reaction.
  • Elimination of small molecules takes place in condensation.
  • Hydrolysis breaks down the complex molecule into simpler ones.
  • In Hydration, hydrated compounds are formed from dehydrated compounds.
  • In a condensation reaction, small molecules get eliminated.

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