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Question

What does the term ‘population distribution’ refer to? 1) How the population in a specified area changes over time. 2) The number of people who die in relation to the number of people born in a specified area. 3) The way in which people are spread across a given area.


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Solution

There are 5 different Geographical factors which affect the uneven distribution of population in the world. These are Topography, Climate, Soil, Water, Minerals

  • As plain areas are more suitable for service activities, manufacturing activities, and farming activities, we find plain areas are always more densely populated when compared to areas with mountainous topography.
  • People always avoid areas having extreme weather climates, be it very cold or very hot, these extreme climates are unsuitable for human habitation.
  • Hence people avoid living in extremely cold polar regions of Canada, Antarctica, Russia etc and extremely hot climatic regions like the Sahara Desert, Thar Desert etc.
  • Fertile soil is extremely important for agricultural activities. Places with fertile soil have immense agricultural activities, hence these places are densely populated.
  • The areas where there is abundant availability of freshwater is densely populated.
  • Deserts are thinly populated, whereas the river valleys have dense populations.
  • Areas which have abundant availability of minerals are densely populated.
  • For example in South Africa the locations having diamond mines are densely populated, oil industries in the Middle East are other locations where there is a dense population.
  • Areas having better health infrastructure, education facilities and affordable and good housing facilities will have higher population density. Example would be Pune.
  • People are attracted to places having great cultural and religious significance. People are attracted to places which have many industries. Areas having industries provides scope for more job opportunities.
  • Natural growth rate is the main reason behind the population increase in the world.
  • In a country, the natural growth rate is the difference between the birth rate and the death rate.
  • Natural causes of population change are deaths and births.

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