The transfer of oxygen from the outside environment to cells within tissues, as well as the removal of carbon dioxide in the opposite way, is referred to as respiration.
It is a biological reaction that takes place within the cells of living organisms.
The energy (ATP-Adenosine triphosphate) is created during this process by the breakdown of glucose, which is then utilized by cells to execute various activities.
Respiration is performed by all living creatures, from single-celled organisms to dominating multicellular animals.
Mechanism of respiration in humans:
The breathing mechanism and gas exchange are both parts of the respiratory mechanism.
The gaseous exchange takes place in the alveoli by diffusion.
The pressure differential between blood and tissues, or atmospheric air and blood, determine this.
At the surface of the alveolus, gas exchange takes place.
Inhalation:
Inhaling air into the lungs is the process of inspiration.
The diaphragm muscles contract and the diaphragm slides lower during inspiration.
As a result, the volume of the chest cavity increases.
The amount of air in the chest cavity reduces.
Because the oxygenated air outside the body is at high pressure, it rushes into the lungs.
The alveoli get oxygenated air from the lungs.
Alveoli have a thin wall and are surrounded by a blood capillary network.
The oxygen flows through the alveolar walls and enters the blood in the capillaries.
The oxygen is subsequently delivered to all of the body's tissues.
Carbon dioxide is absorbed by blood and delivered to the alveoli of the lungs for expiration from the tissues, the waste product.
Exhalation:
The act of expelling air from the lungs is known as expiration.
The diaphragm muscles relax and the diaphragm slides higher during expiration.
As a result, the volume of the chest cavity decreases.
Inside the chest cavity, the air pressure rises.
This causes carbon dioxide to be expelled from the body.
