Question

What type of reaction is the nitration of benzene by Nitric acid and Sulphuric acid?

Answer 1

Electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction:

• “The reactions in which an atom/group attached to an aromatic ring is replaced with an electrophile are called electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.”
• These reactions include nitration, sulphonation, and Friedel Crafts reactions.

Nitration of Benzene:

• When Benzene (${\mathrm{C}}_6{\mathrm{H}}_6$) is treated with Nitric acid $\left({\mathrm{HNO}}_3\right)$ and Sulphuric acid $\left({\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\right)$, it undergoes an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction and nitration of Benzene takes place.
• The reaction is given as: