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Question

Which of the following configurations is associated with the biggest jump between 2nd and 3rd I.E.?


A

1s22s22p1

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B

1s22s22p2

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C

1s22s22p63s1

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D

1s22s22p63s2

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Solution

The correct option is D

1s22s22p63s2


The explanation for the correct answer

(D) 1s22s22p63s2

  • Ionization energy is the energy required to remove the most loosely bonded electron from an isolated atom or ion.
  • To have the highest jump in energy between 2nd and 3rd ionization energy, the second Ionization should be very low, and the third should be very high.
  • 3rd I.E energy is the energy required to remove the 3rd last electron and 2nd ionization energy is the energy required to remove 2nd last electron.
  • Here the third last electron is the last electron in 2p6. This is a completely filled orbital and most stable system. So to remove the last electron from 2p6the energy will be very high.
  • The 2nd last electron is the 1st electron in 3s2. By removing this electron it will get a stable configuration 2p6. Thus energy to remove 2nd last electron will be very low.
  • Therefore there will be a high jump between 2nd and 3rd I.E.
  • Hence option D is correct.

The explanation for the incorrect answers

(A) 1s22s22p1

  • Here removing 2nd last electron is difficult since 2s2is completely filled. But not that much as that of from a p orbital since p orbital has high energy than the s orbital.
  • Removing the third last electron will be easy since after removing 3rd last electron it will attain a completely filled configuration 1s2.
  • Even if there is a much gap between 2nd and 3rd I.E. The level is not that much of that of 1s22s22p63s2.
  • Hence option A is incorrect.

(B) 1s22s22p2

  • Removing 2nd last electron will be easy here since it attains a stable configuration2s2after removing two electrons.
  • Removing 3rd electron here is not that easy since we are disturbing a completely filled orbital 2s2.
  • Here also there will be a sufficient gap between 2nd and 3rd I.E. But not that much of option D since that is between 2p and 3p.
  • Hence option B is incorrect.

(C) 1s22s22p63s1

  • Here removing 2nd last electron is difficult since we are disturbing a completely filled stable configuration 2p6.
  • But removing 3rd last electron doesn't make much difference here since we are not removing it from a completely filled orbital, also we are not getting a stable configuration after removing 3 electrons.
  • Hence option c is also incorrect.

Therefore the correct answer is option (D) 1s22s22p63s2


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