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Question

Which of the following has the highest bond order?


A

H2

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B

O2

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C

N2

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D

He2

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Solution

The correct option is C

N2


Explanation for the correct option

(C) N2

Bond order

  • The bond order represents the number of chemical bonds between two atoms.
  • The bond order describes the stability of the bond.
  • The formula to calculate bond order is as follows:

Bondorder=12Numberofelectronsinbondingorbital-Numberofelectronsinantibondingorbital

Calculate bond order of N2 molecule

  • Number of electrons of N2 (Nitrogen gas) is 14.
  • Molecular orbital configuration is as follows:

N2=Ļƒ1s2Ļƒ*1s2Ļƒ2s2Ļƒ*2s2Ļ€2px2Ļ€2py2Ļƒ2pz2

The bond order of N2 is as follows:

Bondorder=12Numberofelectronsinbondingorbital-Numberofelectronsinantibondingorbital=1210-4=12Ɨ6=3

Explanation for incorrect options

(A) H2

Calculate bond order of H2 molecule

  • Number of electrons of H2 (Hydrogen gas) is 2.
  • Molecular orbital configuration is as follows:

H2=Ļƒ1s2

The bond order of H2 is as follows:

Bondorder=12Numberofelectronsinbondingorbital-Numberofelectronsinantibondingorbital=122-0=12Ɨ2=1

(B) O2

Calculate bond order of O2 molecule

  • Number of electrons of O2 (Oxygen gas) is 16.
  • Molecular orbital configuration is as follows:

O2=Ļƒ1s2Ļƒ*1s2Ļƒ2s2Ļƒ*2s2Ļƒ2pz2Ļ€2px2Ļ€2py2Ļ€*2px1Ļ€*2py1

The bond order of O2 is as follows:

Bondorder=12Numberofelectronsinbondingorbital-Numberofelectronsinantibondingorbital=1210-6=12Ɨ4=2

(D) He2

Calculate bond order of He2 molecule

  • Number of electrons of He2 is 4.
  • Molecular orbital configuration is as follows:

He2=Ļƒ1s2Ļƒ*1s2

The bond order of He2 is as follows:

Bondorder=12Numberofelectronsinbondingorbital-Numberofelectronsinantibondingorbital=122-2=12Ɨ0=0

Therefore, the correct option is (C) N2.


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