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Question

Which of the following is a weak base


A

KOH

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B

NaOH

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C

Ca(OH)2

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D

NH4OH

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Solution

The correct option is D

NH4OH


Explanation for correct option:

D. NH4OH

Bases

  • Bases, according to Arrhenius's theory, are species that dissociate in water to produce hydroxyl ions OH-.
  • According to Brönsted-Lowry theory, a base is a substance that can take a hydrogen ion, H+.
  • Bases can be classified into two categories:
  1. Strong base
  2. Weak base

Strong base:

  • A base that dissociates in water completely producing hydroxyl ions OH- is called a strong base.
  • Examples of strong bases are Sodium hydroxideNaOH as well as Potassium hydroxide KOH.

Weak base:

  • A base that dissociates partially in water producing hydroxyl ions OH-is a weak base.
  • Examples of weak bases are Sodium bicarbonateNaHCO3 as well as Ammonium hydroxide NH4OH.

Explanation for incorrect options

(A)KOH

KOH is the strong base. Because it completely dissociates in an aqueous solution to giveOH- ion .So, it is a strong base.

(B)NaOH

NaOH is the strong base. Because it completely dissociates in an aqueous solution to giveOH- ion .So, it is a strong base.

(C)Ca(OH)2

Ca(OH)2is the strong base. Because it completely dissociates in an aqueous solution to giveOH- ion .So, it is a strong base.

Since ammonium hydroxide is a weak base. Thus all the options A, B, and D stand incorrect.

Hence, the correct option is D i.e. NH4OH is a weak base.


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