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Question

Which of the following is diamagnetism?


A

Quartz

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B

Nickel

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C

Bismuth

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D

Aluminum

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Solution

The correct option is C

Bismuth


Explanation for correct option:

C. Bismuth

Diamagnetism:

  • “Diamagnetic substances are weakly repelled by a magnetic field.”
  • “They are weakly magnetized in a magnetic field in opposite direction.”
  • It is a non-permanent type of magnetism and occurs only in the presence of an external field.
  • For an element to be diamagnetic, it must have zero unpaired electrons.
  • Bismuth is the most diamagnetic element as it gets repelled by the magnetic field.
  • The electronic configuration of Bismuth is [Xe]4f145d106s26p3.
  • It has low electric conductivity as well as high electrical resistance when placed in a magnetic field.

Thus, Bismuth shows diamagnetism.

Explanation for incorrect options:

A. Quartz is sometimes considered a diamagnetic substance.

B. Nickel is paramagnetic in nature due to two unpaired electrons. The electronic configuration of Nickel is [Ar]3d84s2

D. Aluminium is a paramagnetic substance. The electronic configuration of Aluminium is [Ne]3s23p1.

Hence, the correct option is C i.e. Bismuth shows diamagnetism.


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