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Question

Which of the following statement is true for a thermodynamical system where U is the increase in internal energy and W work done respectively?


A

U=-W in isothermal process

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B

U=W in isothermal process

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C

U=-W in an adiabatic process

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D

U=W in an adiabatic process

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Solution

The correct option is C

U=-W in an adiabatic process


Explanation of correct option:

In an adiabatic process, no heat energy enters or leaves the system

Q=0

From the first law of thermodynamics

Q=U+WU=-W

Therefore for the adiabatic process, U=-W

Explanation of incorrect options:

Isothermal process: It is a thermodynamic process in which temperature remains constant.

In an isothermal process,

U=0, i.e., the internal energy is constant in an isothermal process.

From the first law of thermodynamics

Q=0+WQ=W

Hence, option C is correct.


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