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Question

Why are transition elements called d-block elements? How does it build a bridge between s and p block elements?


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Solution

Transition Elements:

  • Elements with partially filled d-orbitals are referred to as transition elements or transition metals.

The d–block components are referred to be transition elements for the following reasons:

  • Their placement between the s– and p– block elements.
  • The chemical behavior of transition elements varies greatly.
  • Between the s and p block elements, they show transitional behavior.
  • The transition elements all have metallic characteristics.
  • Transition series:
1st transition seriesScTiVCrMnFeCoNiCuZn
4s23d14s23d24s23d34s13d54s23d54s23d64s23d74s23d84s13d104s23d10
2nd transition seriesYZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCd
5s24d15s24d25s14d45s14d55s24d55s14d75s14d85s04d105s14d105s24d10
3rd transition seriesLaHfTaWReOsIrPtAuHg
6s25d16s25d26s25d36s25d46s25d56s25d66s25d76s15d96s15d106s25d10

The bridge between s- and p- block:

  • In the periodic table, d-block elements are situated between s-block and p-block elements.
  • Due to their transitional nature between s and p block elements, these d-block elements are known as transition elements.

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