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Question

Why is CrNH363+ a high spin complex?


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Solution

Crystal field theory

  • According to the crystal field theory, the complex can be classified as high spin or low spin.
  • The high spin complex is the compound with the greatest number of unpaired electrons.
  • There are fewer unpaired electrons in the low spin complex.
  • High spin complexes have low crystal field splitting energy
  • Low spin complexes have high crystal field splitting energy.

[CrNH36]3+ complex

  • In the CrNH363+ complex, the center metal atom chromium Cr is in +3 oxidation state.
  • The electronic configuration is as follows:

Cr3+=[Ar]3d3

  • Only three of the five 3d orbitals are filled, leaving the remaining two for 4s or 4p orbitals.
  • Ammonia NH3 is a strong field ligand.
  • Three 3d orbitals of a metal ion have three unpaired electrons, and all of these orbitals have the same energy.
  • Thus, even in the presence of strong ligand, pairing will not occur.
  • These d2sp3 hybrids form bonds with ligands ammonia NH3 by accepting six lone pairs of electrons, one for each of the six ligands.
Cr NH 36]3+ is paramagnetic while [ Ni CN 4]2 is diamagnetic. Explain, Why?

  • As a result, CrNH363+ is considered a high spin complex.

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