Question

Write the electronic configuration of any one pair of isotopes and isobar.

Answer 1

Electronic configuration:

• The electronic configuration is the arrangement of electrons in different atomic orbitals.
• The electrons will be filled in the different respective orbitals.
• The $\mathrm{s}-$orbitals can have two electrons and $\mathrm{p}-$orbitals can hold six electrons and $\mathrm{d}-$orbitals can hold ten electrons and $\mathrm{f}-$orbitals can cold fourteen electrons with it.

Isotopes:

• Isotopes are atoms having the same atomic number but possessing different mass numbers.
• Eg: ${}_6{}^{12}\mathrm{C}\&{}_6{}^{14}\mathrm{C}$
• The electronic configuration of ${}_6{}^{12}\mathrm{C}-1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^2\&{}_6{}^{14}\mathrm{C}-1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^2$.
• The electronic configuration of elements depends on the number of electrons.
• Isotopes do not show any change in electron number, so there will be no change in the electronic configuration.

Isobars:

• Isobars are atoms of different elements having the same mass number i.e. protons and neutrons.
• The proton number will be equal to the number of electrons.
• Eg: ${}_{18}{}^{40}\mathrm{Ar}\&{}_{20}{}^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$.
• The electronic configuration of ${}_{18}{}^{40}\mathrm{Ar}-1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^6\&{}_{20}{}^{40}\mathrm{Ca}-1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}4{\mathrm{s}}^2$.
• Here, the electronic configuration differs for the isobars because the atomic number of elements differs in the case of isobars which means the proton number differs which makes the electron number also differ and the electronic configuration differs.