Write the type of joint which is used for each of the following movements.
(a) A cricket bowler bowls the ball.
(b) A girl moves her head in the right and left direction.
(c) A person lifts weights to build up his biceps.
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Solution
Joints:
A joint, also known as an articulation or articular surface, is a connection that occurs between bones in the skeletal system. Joints provide the means for movement. The type and characteristics of a given joint determine its degree and type of movement.
Types of joints used in the following movement:
(a) Ball and Socket joint is used when a cricketer bowls the ball.
The ball and socket joint is a type of synovial joint.
In such joints, one bone is hooked into the hollow space of another bone.
This joint helps in rotatory movement.
An example of a ball and socket joint is the shoulders.
(b) Pivotal joint is used when a girl moves her head in the left and right direction.
Pivot joints are joints that help for the rotatory movement of bones, around a single axis.
The pivot joint is located near the elbow, holding the two forearm bones namely, the radius and ulna, together.
Radius and ulna are also connected to each other near the wrist by another pivot joint.
These two bones can twist around each other because of the pivot joint.
The pivot joint is situated at the base of the skull and connects the first vertebrae of the spine to the second vertebrae.
Thus, it allows the side-to-side rotation of the head.
(c) Hinge joint is used when a person lifts weights to make his biceps.
It is the synovial joint that permits movement in one direction.
Certain joints can make more movement than others, like the joints in the toes and fingers. Such joints are known as hinge joints.
The hinge joint is present in the ankle, elbow, knee, and interphalangeal joints.
