Question

How does Phenol React with Ammonia?

Answer 1

The reaction of phenol with ammonia is explained as:

1. Aniline is produced when phenol reacts with ammonia$\left({\mathrm{NH}}_3\right)$, this reaction takes place in the presence of anhydrous zinc chloride$\left({\mathrm{ZnCl}}_2\right)$.
2. This reaction leads to the release of water at the end of the reaction.

$\mathrm{Phenol}+{\mathrm{NH}}_3\underset{573\mathrm{K}}{\overset{\mathrm{Anhydrous}{\mathrm{ZnCl}}_2}{\to }}\mathrm{Aniline}+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$

Hence, When reacts with phenol reacts with ammonia it will produce Aniline.