Question

What are two conditions for equilibrium?

Answer 1

1. Equilibrium is the state in which the concentration of reactant evolves to be coequal to the concentration of the product i.e., there is no net change in composition.
2. There are two varieties of equilibrium: physical equilibrium and chemical equilibrium.
3. A transformation in the phase of matter is named physical equilibrium.
4. A modification in concentration and pressure is named chemical equilibrium.
5. Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic process, i.e. the rate of forwarding and backward reactions are continuous to occur in a reaction.
6. The matter can not go in and out of the system, this implies that the system must be closed.
7. Example:
   ${\mathrm{H}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+{\mathrm{I}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)\rightleftharpoons 2\mathrm{HI}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)$

• Two conditions for equilibrium are:-

1. There must be no resulting force or a total of exterior forces working on the matter in a chemical reaction.
2. There must be no resulting torque or a total of exterior torques working on the matter in the chemical reaction.

• So, the two conditions required for equilibrium are that no resulting force and torque must work on the matter in a chemical reaction.