What is transformer and its types?

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Solution

A transformer is a device that converts electric energy from one alternating-current circuit to one or more other circuits by increasing (stepping up) or decreasing (stepping down) the voltage.
Step up and step down transformers, power transformers, distribution transformers, instrument transformers (current and potential transformers), single phase and three phase transformers, autotransformers, and so on are examples of transformers.
Transformer types voltage levels:
1. Step-up transformers
If the number of turns on the secondary coil is greater than the number of turns on the primary coil, $N_{2} > N_{1}$ , we can see that $V_{2} > V_{1}$ .
2. Step-down transformers
If the number of turns on the primary coil is greater than the number of turns on the secondary coil, $N_{1} > N_{2}$ , we can see that $V_{1} > V_{2}$ .

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