Question

The figure shows a diagrammatic view of the human respiratory system. Label its parts.

Answer 1

A: Trachea

1. The trachea rises below the larynx and moves down the neck.
2. The walls of the trachea are made up of C-shaped cartilaginous rings providing hardness to the trachea and maintaining it by helping it completely expand.
3. The trachea extends further down splitting into two bronchi, one for each lung.

B: Pleural membrane

1. A pleura is a serous membrane with two layers of membranous tissue that folds back on itself to produce a pleural sac.
2. The parietal pleura, which connects to the chest wall, is the name of the outer layer.
3. The lungs, blood arteries, nerves, and bronchi are all covered by the inner layer, which is known as the visceral pleura.

C: Alveoli

1. The bronchioles get terminated into balloon-like structures, the alveoli.
2. The alveoli are single-celled sacs of air with thin walls.
3. It facilitates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules into or away from the bloodstream.

Other parts of the human respiratory system:

Lungs:

1. These are the primary organs of respiration in humans as well as other vertebrates.
2. They are present in the thoracic cavity of the chest.
3. The primary function of the lungs is to carry out the exchange of gases between the blood and the air.

Nasal cavity:

1. This is lined with hair and mucus to filter the air inhaled from dust and dirt.

Larynx:

1. Two cartilaginous chords lay to make the framework of the larynx.
2. It is present in front of the neck and is responsible for vocals as well as helps in respiration, therefore also referred to as a voice box.
3. When food is swallowed, epiglottis folds over the top of the windpipe thereby preventing food from entering the larynx.

Bronchi:

1. The trachea splits into two tubes called bronchi.
2. The bronchi divide into secondary and tertiary bronchioles and branch out into small air sacs called the alveoli.