Question

What is saxitoxin?

Answer 1

Saxitoxin:

1. Saxitoxins are also known as paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP_s).
2. It is a potent neurotoxin and causes paralysis when ingested.

Caused by:

1. Saxitoxins are produced by dinoflagellates like Gonyaulax, Gymnodium, Pyrodinium etc.
2. Saxitoxins in humans are ingested by consumption of shellfish contaminated by algal blooms causing paralytic shellfish poisoning.

How it works:

1. Saxitoxins causes paralysis by blocking sodium ion entry into nerves.
2. It binds with voltage gated channels inhibiting membrane depolarisation and conduction of action potential.
3. Thus it causes paralysis in humans.
4. It cannot be destroyed by normal cooking temperature, marinating or freezing.