Nephron

Q.

How does a nephron filter blood?

Q.

What is the function of blood capillaries surrounding the nephrons?

Q. The fenestrated glomerular blood capillaries are made up of

छिद्रयुक्त गुच्छीय रक्त केशिकाएँ बनी होती हैं

1. Simple epithelial cells which are ectodermal in origin
   
   सरल उपकला कोशिकाओं से जो एक्टोडर्मल उत्पत्ति की होती हैं
2. Simple epithelial cells which are mesodermal in origin
   
   सरल उपकला कोशिकाओं से जो मीसोडर्मल उत्पत्ति की होती हैं
3. Simple epithelial cells which are endodermal in origin
   
   सरल उपकला कोशिकाओं से जो एंडोडर्मल उत्पत्ति की होती हैं
4. Compound epithelial cells which are mesodermal in origin
   
   संयुक्त उपकला कोशिकाओं से जो मीसोडर्मल उत्पत्ति की होती हैं

Q. Kidney plays vital role in human body because they can help in

1. Removes the metabolic waste
2. Regulate the body fluid
3. Regulates acid-base balance
4. All of the above

Q.

Choose the ODD one out of the following terms given and name the CATEGORY to which the others belong:

Loop of Henle, DCT, PCT, Urethra

Q. Match the following :

	List I (Part of nephron)		List II (Function)
A	Proximal convoluted tubule	I	Impermeable to sodium ions
B	Distal convoluted tubule	II	Impermeable to water
C	Dsecending limb of Henle's loop	III	Facultative reabsorption of water $N{a}^{+}$
D	Asecending limb of Henle's loop	IV	Reabsorption of nutrients and $N{a}^{+}$

1. A- IV, B- II, C- I, D- III
2. A- IV, B- III, C- I, D- II
3. A- III, B- IV, C- I, D- II
4. A- III, B- IV, C- II, D- I

Q. Identify the parts in the given diagram:

1. 1 - Cerebellum, 2 - Pons, 3 - Medulla oblongata
2. 1 - Cerebellum, 2 - Medulla oblongata, 3 - Pons
3. 1 - Medulla oblongata, 2 - Pons, 3 - Hindbrain
4. 1 - Pons, 2 - Medulla oblongata, 3 - Cerebellum

Q. Write a short note on kidneys and its functions. (5 marks)

Q.

Match the following:

$$\begin{array}{cc}\text{1. Carbon dioxide is removed from the blood in this organ}& \text{(i) Kidneys}\\ \text{2. Nitrogenous waste is removed from the blood in this organ}& \text{(ii) Nephrons}\\ \text{3. Filtration units present in the kidney}& \text{(iii) Lungs}\end{array}$$

Q. The type of connective tissue found in the hump of the camel is ____.

1. Areolar
2. Cartilaginous
3. Muscular
4. Adipose

Q.

The smallest unit of a kidney which is responsible for removal of nitrogenous wastes from the blood is neuron.

1. Neuron

2. Alveoli

Q.

What are the functions of collecting duct?

1. Collection of urine

2. Transportation of urine to the pelvis

3. Secretion of NaCl

4. Reabsorption of water

Q. The outer part of the kidney is called the medulla.

1. True
2. False